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OpenCV 开发环境配置

NameVersion
SystemUbuntu 20.04.5 LTS
OpenCV4.7.0

OpenCV​

Ubuntu20.04从源码编译OpenCV​

获取 OpenCV 源码​

从官网下载压缩包

下载完成后解压

tar zxvf opencv-4.7.0.tar.gz ~/workspace/opencv/4.7.0/
tar zxvf opencv_contrib-4.7.0.tar.gz ~/workspace/opencv/4.7.0/
tar zxvf opencv_extra-4.7.0.tar.gz ~/workspace/opencv/4.7.0/

安装各种依赖​

sudo apt-get install \
build-essential \
cmake \
git \
libgtk2.0-dev \
pkg-config \
libavcodec-dev \
libavformat-dev \
libswscale-dev \
libtbb2 \
libtbb-dev \
libjpeg-dev \
libpng-dev \
libtiff-dev \
libdc1394-22 \
libglew-dev \
zlib1g-dev \
libavutil-dev \
libpostproc-dev \
libeigen3-dev \
libopenexr-dev \
libwebp-dev \
libgtk-3-dev \
qtbase5-dev \
libgstreamer1.0-dev \
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev
  • libjasper-dev
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libjasper-dev

编译​

新建 build/ 目录存放编译生成的文件

cd ~/workspace/opencv/4.7.0/;mkdir build;cd build
  • [可选] 配置并生成 makefile 过程中会下载一些依赖内容，建议开启网络代理
export http_proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:7890;export https_proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:7890;export all_proxy=socks5://127.0.0.1:7890
  • CMake 选项
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -DOPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES \
    -DWITH_QT=ON \
    -DWITH_OPENGL=ON \
    -DWITH_TBB=ON \
    -DBUILD_opencv_python2=OFF \
    -DBUILD_opencv_python3=OFF \
    -DINSTALL_TESTS=ON \
    -DOPENCV_TEST_DATA_PATH=../opencv_extra-4.7.0/testdata \
    -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib-4.7.0/modules \
    ../opencv-4.7.0

这里选择不编译 opencv-python 包，CPU 版本的 opencv-python 直接 pip 安装即可

等待 makefile 生成 —— 过程保持网络通畅，会下载一些内容

生成完之后开始编译

NUM_CPU=$(nproc)
make -j$(($NUM_CPU - 1))
信息

可以去泡壶茶然后休息一下，看看番，编译速度取决于CPU

推荐看看这里的视频 —— 不是广告

等待编译完成后

sudo make install
  • 将编译好的 .so 文件以及头文件安装到 /usr/local 目录下

配置环境变量​

sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf

  • 打开 opencv.conf 在其中添加 /usr/local/lib

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

  • 打开 bash.bashrc 在最后面添加
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig 
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

sudo ldconfig

  • 使配置生效

测试​

cd ~/workspace/opencv/4.7.0/opencv-4.7.0/samples/cpp/example_cmake/
cmake .
make
./opencv_example

成功启动摄像头设备并显示 Hello OpenCV 字样，安装完成

参考​